The U.S. Tariff Hike and Sri Lanka’s Economic Challenges

The recent imposition of a 44% U.S. tariff on Sri Lankan exports, particularly apparel, poses significant risks to the country’s economy. This tariff hike intensifies Sri Lanka’s economic challenges, but strategic diversification, cost optimization, and diplomatic engagement could mitigate losses. Here’s an analysis of the impacts and strategic responses: Immediate Economic Impact 1. Threat to Apparel Industry Dominance The U.S. accounts for 23–40% of Sri Lanka’s total exports, with apparel making up 70% of these exports (valued at around $3 billion in 2024). The tariff hike from 12.2% to 44% risks making Sri Lankan garments uncompetitive in price-sensitive U.S. markets, potentially reducing orders and export earnings. 300,000 direct jobs in the apparel sector are at risk, along with indirect impacts on allied industries. 2. Foreign Exchange and Macroeconomic Pressures Reduced export income could strain Sri Lanka’s foreign exchange reserves, critical for debt repayment and import...