āļāļŊ්āļ´ිāļģීāļ¸: āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļිāļŊ්āļ´āļ් āˇāļŊ āļāļŊ්āļ´ිāļģීāļ¸ āˇāˇāļģāļ් āˇෝ āļāļ§ āļ āļŠු āļාāļŊāļēāļ් āļāļ, āˇාāļ¸ාāļą්āļēāļēෙāļą් āļ¯ිāļą āļිāˇිāļ´āļēāļ āˇිāļ§ āˇāļි 52 āļ¯āļ්āˇා āļ´āļģාāˇāļēāļ āļ´āˇāļී. āļ āļąෙāļ් āļ āļāļ§, āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļැāļŗුāļ¸්āļāļģāˇāļŊ āļ¯ිāļු āļāļŊ්āļ´ිāļģීāļ¸āļ් āļāļ, āˇාāļ¸ාāļą්āļēāļēෙāļą් āˇāˇāļģ 10 āˇිāļ§ 30 āļ¯āļ්āˇා āļ´āļģාāˇāļēāļ āļ´āˇāļී.
āļූāļ´āļą් āļෙāˇීāļ¸්: āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļිāļŊ්āļ´āļ් āļāˇාāļēේ āļ¸ුāˇුāļĢāļ āˇāļ§ිāļąාāļāļ¸āļ§ āˇāļ§්āļ§āļ¸āļ් āˇāˇිāļāˇ āļąිāļුāļ් āļāļģāļąු āļŊāļļāļą āļ āļāļģ āˇāļģිāļą් āˇāļģ āļ´ොāļŊී āļෙāˇීāļ¸් āˇිāļ¯ු āļąොāļāļģāļēි. āļ āˇෙāļąුāˇāļ§, āļāļēෝāļĸāļāļēා āļļිāļŊ්āļ´āļ āˇāļ§්āļ§āļ¸āļ් āļ¯ී āļ¸ිāļŊ āļ¯ී āļැāļąීāļ¸ෙāļą් āˇāˇ āļāļŊ් āļ´ිāļģෙāļą āˇිāļ§ āˇāļ¸්āļ´ූāļģ්āļĢ āļ¸ුāˇුāļĢāļ āļ āļāļē āļŊāļļා āļැāļąීāļ¸ෙāļą් āļ´ොāļŊී āļāļ´āļēා āļāļąී. āļ āļąෙāļ් āļ āļāļ§, āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļැāļŗුāļ¸්āļāļģ āļāļŊ්āļ´ිāļģීāļ¸ේāļ¯ී āļ¸ුāˇුāļĢāļ āˇāļ§ිāļąාāļāļ¸ āļāļ´āˇු āļŊāļļා āļ¯ීāļ¸āļ§ āļ āļ¸āļāļģāˇ, āļāļŊ් āļ´ිāļģෙāļą āļෙāļ් āļļැāļŗුāļ¸්āļāļģ āļ¯āļģāļą්āļąාāļ§ āļාāļŊාāļąුāļģූāļ´ී āļ´ොāļŊී (āļූāļ´āļą්) āļෙāˇීāļ¸්.
āļ āˇāļ¯ාāļąāļ¸් āˇāˇ āļ´්āļģāļිāļŊාāļˇ: āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļිāļŊ්āļ´āļ් āˇාāļ¸ාāļą්āļēāļēෙāļą් āˇුāļģāļ්āˇිāļāļ¸ āļāļēෝāļĸāļą āļ්āļģāļ¸āļē āļŊෙāˇ āˇැāļŊāļෙāļą්āļąේ āļāˇාāļ§ āļģāļĸāļēේ āļ´ූāļģ්āļĢ āˇිāˇ්āˇාāˇāļē āˇāˇ āļĢāļē āļāļ°ාāļģ āļŊැāļļෙāļą āļļැāˇිāļąි. āļāˇුāļą්āļ§ āļෙāļ§ි āļāļŊ්āļ´ිāļģීāļ¸āļ් āļāļි āļļැāˇිāļą්, āļ´ොāļŊී āļ āļąුāļ´ාāļ āļāļ ්āļ ාāˇāļ āļąāļēāļą්āļ§ āļ āļŠු āˇංāˇේāļ¯ී āļļāˇāļ් āļ¯ āļ¯āļ්āˇāļēි. āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļැāļŗුāļ¸්āļāļģ, āļāˇාāļēේ āļ¯ිāļු āļāļŊ්āļ´ිāļģීāļ¸āļ් āˇāļ¸āļ, āˇැāļŠි āļ´ොāļŊී āļ āļąුāļ´ාāļ āļ āˇāļ¯ාāļąāļ¸āļ් āļ¯āļģāļēි. āļāˇා āļāˇāļ¸āļ් āˇාāļ´ේāļ්āˇāˇ āļ āļŠු āļ āˇāļ¯ාāļąāļ¸් āļāļēෝāļĸāļą āļŊෙāˇ āˇāļŊāļāļąු āļŊැāļļුāˇāļ¯, āļ´ොāļŊී āļ āļąුāļ´ාāļāˇāļŊ āˇෙāļąāˇ්āˇීāļ¸් āˇāļŊāļ§ āļ´්āļģāļිāļ ාāļģ āˇāˇāļēෙāļą් āļāˇාāļēේ āļ¸ිāļŊ āˇැāļŠි āˇāˇāļēෙāļą් āļāļ ්āļ ාāˇāļ āļąāļē āˇිāļē āˇැāļිāļē.
āļāļēෝāļĸāļą āļ්āˇිāļිāļĸāļē: āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļිāļŊ්āļ´āļ් āˇාāļ¸ාāļą්āļēāļēෙāļą් āļˇාāˇිāļා āļāļģāļąු āļŊāļļāļą්āļąේ āļෙāļ§ි āļාāļŊීāļą āļāļēෝāļĸāļą āļ්āˇිāļිāļĸ āˇāˇිāļ āļāļēෝāļĸāļāļēිāļą් āˇෝ āļාāˇāļාāļŊිāļāˇ āļ¸ුāļ¯āļŊ් āļාāļŊ් āļිāļģීāļ¸āļ§ āļāļģāļ්āˇිāļ āˇ්āļŽාāļąāļēāļ් āˇොāļēāļą āļ āļē āˇිāˇිāļąි. āļāˇා āļļොāˇෝ āˇිāļ§ āļāļēāļāļą āˇāˇ āļ´ුāļ¯්āļāļŊāļēāļą් āˇāļŗāˇා āļ¯්āļģāˇāˇීāļŊāļා āļāˇ āļ¸āļąාāļāļģāļĢāļēේ āļ¸ාāļ°්āļēāļēāļ් āļŊෙāˇ āļˇාāˇිāļා āˇේ. āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļැāļŗුāļ¸්āļāļģ, āļāˇාāļēේ āļ¯ිāļු āļāļŊ්āļ´ිāļģීāļ¸āļ් āˇāļ¸āļ, āˇාāļ¸ාāļą්āļēāļēෙāļą් āļ¯ිāļුāļාāļŊීāļą āļāļēෝāļĸāļą āļāļŊāļ්āļ āļāļි āļāļēෝāļĸāļāļēිāļą් āˇෝ āļ¯ිāļු āļාāļŊāļēāļ් āļ´ුāļģා āˇ්āļŽාāˇāļģ āļāļ¯ාāļēāļ¸āļ් āļ āļ´ේāļ්āˇා āļāļģāļą āļ āļē āˇිāˇිāļą් āļˇාāˇිāļා āļāļģāļąු āļŊැāļļේ.
āļ āļŊෙāˇිāļāļģāļĢ āˇැāļිāļēාāˇ: āļ§ී-āļļිāļŊ්āļ´āļ් āˇāˇ āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļැāļŗුāļ¸්āļāļģ āļēāļą āļ¯ෙāļāļ¸ āļ¯්āˇිāļීāļēිāļ āˇෙāˇ ෙāļŗāļ´ොāˇ āļුāˇ āļāˇāˇ āļ¯්āļģāˇāˇීāļŊāļාāˇāļ් āļāļි āļ āļāļģ āˇāļ්āļģීāļēāˇ āˇෙāˇ āļŗාāļ¸් āļෙāļģේ. āļෙāˇේ āˇෙāļāļ්, āļāˇුāļą්āļේ āļෙāļ§ි āļāļŊ්āļ´ිāļģීāļ¸ āˇේāļුāˇෙāļą්, T-āļļිāļŊ්āļ´āļ් āˇාāļ¸ාāļą්āļēāļēෙāļą් āļāˇāˇ āˇෙāˇ āļŗ āļ´āļģිāļ¸ාāˇāļą් āˇāˇ āļąිāļāļģ āļąිāļāļģ āˇෙāļą්āļ¯ේāˇි āˇේ.
āļ āˇ්āˇැāļą්āļą: āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļිāļŊ්āļ´āļ් āļāˇාāļēේ āļෙāļ§ි āļāļŊ්āļ´ිāļģීāļ¸ āˇāˇ āļ āļŠු āļ āˇāļ¯ාāļąāļ¸ āˇේāļුāˇෙāļą් āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļැāļŗුāļ¸්āļāļģāˇāļŊāļ§ āˇාāļ´ේāļ්āˇāˇ āļ āļŠු āļ āˇ්āˇැāļą්āļąāļ් āļŊāļļා āļ¯ෙāļēි. āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļැāļŗුāļ¸්āļāļģ, āļāˇුāļą්āļේ āļ¯ිāļු āļාāļŊීāļą āļැāļ´āˇීāļ¸ āˇāļ¸āļ, āļāļēෝāļĸāļāļēිāļą්āļ§ āļāļāļු āļāļģāļą āļŊāļ¯ āļ āˇāļ¯ාāļąāļ¸ āˇāˇ āļ¯ිāļුāļාāļŊීāļą āļ āļģāļ¸ුāļ¯āļŊ් āˇāļŗāˇා āˇāļą්āļ¯ි āļෙāˇීāļ¸ āˇāļŗāˇා āļāˇāˇ āļ āˇ්āˇැāļą්āļąāļ් āļŊāļļා āļ¯ීāļ¸āļ§ āļąැāļšුāļģු āˇේ.
āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļිāļŊ්āļ´āļ් āˇāˇ āļˇාāļĢ්āļŠාāļාāļģ āļļැāļŗුāļ¸්āļāļģāˇāļŊ āˇිāˇේāˇāļා āļģāļ§ āļ āļąුāˇ āˇෙāļąāˇ් āˇිāļē āˇැāļි āļ āļāļģ āļāˇාāļ§ āļāļēෝāļĸāļąāļē āļිāļģීāļ¸āļ§ āļ´ෙāļģ āļąිāˇි āˇැāļŊāļිāļŊ්āļŊāļ් āļ¯āļ්āˇāļą්āļą. āˇැāļŊāļිāļŊ්āļŊāļ§ āļැāļąීāļ¸ āˇැāļ¯āļāļ්āļē.
Treasury bills (T-bills) and Treasury bonds are both types of debt securities issued by the government to finance its operations and manage its cash flow. However, there are several significant differences between the two:
Maturity: Treasury bills have a maturity of one year or less, typically ranging from a few days to 52 weeks. On the other hand, Treasury bonds have longer maturities, typically ranging from 10 to 30 years.
Coupon Payments: Treasury bills are issued at a discount to their face value and do not make periodic interest payments. Instead, the investor earns interest by purchasing the bill at a discount and receiving the full face value at maturity. Treasury bonds, on the other hand, pay periodic interest (coupon) payments to the bondholder until maturity, in addition to returning the face value at maturity.
Risk and Return: Treasury bills are generally considered to be the safest form of investment because they are backed by the full faith and credit of the government. As they have shorter maturities, they are also less sensitive to interest rate fluctuations. Treasury bonds, with their longer maturities, carry more interest rate risk. While they are still considered relatively low-risk investments, their prices can fluctuate more in response to changes in interest rates.
Investment Horizon: Treasury bills are commonly used by investors with short-term investment horizons or those seeking a safe place to park cash temporarily. They are often used as a means of liquidity management for institutions and individuals. Treasury bonds, with their longer maturities, are typically used by investors with longer-term investment goals or those looking for fixed income over an extended period.
Marketability: Both T-bills and Treasury bonds are highly liquid and actively traded in the secondary market. However, due to their shorter maturities, T-bills generally have higher trading volumes and more frequent auctions.
Yield: Treasury bills typically offer lower yields compared to Treasury bonds due to their shorter maturities and lower risk. Treasury bonds, with their longer-term commitment, tend to offer higher yields to compensate investors for the added risk and longer tie-up of funds.
It's important to note that the specifics of Treasury bills and Treasury bonds can vary by country, and do due diligence before investing in them.
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